培育一流營(yíng)(yíng)商環(huán)(huán)境,“法治”是繞不開(kāi)(kāi)的關(guān)(guān)鍵詞。在近日召開(kāi)(kāi)的民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)座談會(huì)(huì )上,習(xí)近平總書(shū)(shū)記明確要求,“堅(jiān)決破除依法平等使用生產(chǎn)(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的各種障礙”“切實(shí)(shí)依法保護(hù)民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)和民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)家合法權(quán)益”,將法治擺在推動(dòng)(dòng)民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展的突出位置。
市場(chǎng)(chǎng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)本質(zhì)(zhì)上是法治經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)。法治化程度越高,市場(chǎng)(chǎng)規(guī)則越清晰,交易就越安全,企業(yè)(yè)家的心理預(yù)期就越穩(wěn)定,干事創(chuàng)(chuàng )業(yè)(yè)也越有動(dòng)(dòng)力。作為典型的“環(huán)(huán)境經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)”,哪里“陽(yáng)(yáng)光雨露”充足,哪里民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)就活躍。這些年,從頒布中小企業(yè)(yè)促進(jìn)(jìn)法到出臺(tái)優(yōu)(yōu)化營(yíng)(yíng)商環(huán)(huán)境條例,從修改反壟斷法到推進(jìn)(jìn)民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)促進(jìn)(jìn)法立法……不斷完善的法律體系,為民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)大展拳腳筑牢法治保障。然而,近期個(gè)(gè)別違規(guī)、趨利性執(zhí)法行為引起關(guān)(guān)注,涉企亂收費(fèi)、亂罰款、亂檢查、亂查封現(xiàn)象仍在一定程度上存在,必須下大力氣根除。
政府行為越規(guī)范,市場(chǎng)(chǎng)作用越有效。厘清政府和市場(chǎng)(chǎng)的邊界,要用好法治力量。堅(jiān)持“法無(wú)(wú)授權(quán)不可為、法定職責(zé)必須為”,自覺(jué)(jué)在法律約束下作為,在制度籠子里用權(quán)。加大民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)產(chǎn)(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)執(zhí)法力度,防止和糾正利用行政、刑事手段干預(yù)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛;規(guī)范執(zhí)法自由裁量權(quán),防范以罰增收、以罰代管;構(gòu)建親清政商關(guān)(guān)系,讓民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)沒(méi)(méi)有后顧之憂(yōu),專(zhuān)心創(chuàng)(chuàng )業(yè)(yè)、安心經(jīng)(jīng)營(yíng)(yíng)、放心投資。
民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)守法經(jīng)(jīng)營(yíng)(yíng),不需要“溺愛(ài)(ài)”。對(duì)他們來(lái)(lái)說(shuō)(shuō),法治就是最好的營(yíng)(yíng)商環(huán)(huán)境,也是最有效的“定心丸”。面對(duì)市場(chǎng)(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)擔(dān)心的從來(lái)(lái)不是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有多激烈,而是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)條件是否公平,追求的無(wú)(wú)非是四個(gè)(gè)字:一視同仁。正如有企業(yè)(yè)人士所言,給優(yōu)(yōu)惠不如給機(jī)會(huì)(huì ),求傾斜不如求公平,靠扶持不如靠法律。
面對(duì)目前個(gè)(gè)別地方和領(lǐng)(lǐng)域仍然存在的隱性壁壘,必須把“一碗水端平”“一把尺子量到底”落到實(shí)(shí)處。無(wú)(wú)論在產(chǎn)(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)、市場(chǎng)(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入、要素分配還是參與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等各個(gè)(gè)方面,都要強(qiáng)化公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)審查,讓民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)享受同等待遇。落實(shí)(shí)好市場(chǎng)(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單的“非禁即入”要求,反對(duì)地方保護(hù)和行政壟斷,為民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)開(kāi)(kāi)辟更大發(fā)(fā)展空間。
法律的生命力在于實(shí)(shí)施?!胺彩屈h中央定了的就要堅(jiān)決執(zhí)行,不能打折扣?!甭鋵?shí)越到位,民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)就越能增強(qiáng)信心、輕裝上陣、大膽發(fā)(fā)展。
民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)座談會(huì)(huì )召開(kāi)(kāi)后不久,民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)促進(jìn)(jìn)法草案迎來(lái)(lái)二次審議,有望盡快出臺(tái)。草案首次將“兩個(gè)(gè)毫不動(dòng)(dòng)搖”寫(xiě)(xiě)入法律,明確提出“堅(jiān)持平等對(duì)待、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”等原則,該法的出臺(tái)對(duì)我國(guó)民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展具有里程碑意義。用良法善治為企業(yè)(yè)家穩(wěn)定預(yù)期、提振信心,我國(guó)民營(yíng)(yíng)企業(yè)(yè)必將迸發(fā)(fā)更大活力,開(kāi)(kāi)創(chuàng)(chuàng )民營(yíng)(yíng)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展新局面。 (作者:金觀(guān)平 來(lái)(lái)源:經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)日?qǐng)?bào))