數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)是繼農(nóng)業(yè)(yè)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)、工業(yè)(yè)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)之后的主要經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài)(tài)。習(xí)近平總書(shū)記強(qiáng)調(diào),要推動(dòng)(dòng)數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)融合發(fā)(fā)展,把握數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)(wǎng)絡(luò)(luò )化、智能化方向,推動(dòng)(dòng)制造業(yè)(yè)、服務(wù)(wù)業(yè)(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)(yè)等產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)數(shù)字化,利用互聯(lián)(lián)網(wǎng)(wǎng)新技術(shù)(shù)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)進(jìn)(jìn)行全方位、全鏈條的改造,提高全要素生產(chǎn)(chǎn)率,發(fā)(fā)揮數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)對(duì)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展的放大、疊加、倍增作用?!丁笆奈濉睌?shù)准?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展規(guī)劃》也提出,要以數(shù)據(jù)為關(guān)(guān)鍵要素,以數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合為主線(xiàn),協(xié)(xié)同推進(jìn)(jìn)數(shù)字產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)化和產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)數(shù)字化,賦能傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),培育新產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)新業(yè)(yè)態(tài)(tài)新模式,不斷做強(qiáng)做優(yōu)(yōu)做大我國(guó)數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)。這些都為新發(fā)(fā)展階段正確認(rèn)識(shí)和把握數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合新機(jī)遇指明了方向。
數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)是以數(shù)據(jù)資源為關(guān)(guān)鍵要素,以現(xiàn)代信息網(wǎng)(wǎng)絡(luò)(luò )為主要載體,以信息通信技術(shù)(shù)融合應(yīng)用、全要素?cái)?shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型為重要推動(dòng)(dòng)力的新經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài)(tài)。數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展速度之快、輻射范圍之廣、影響程度之深前所未有,正推動(dòng)(dòng)生產(chǎn)(chǎn)方式、生活方式和治理方式發(fā)(fā)生深刻變革。我國(guó)以制造業(yè)(yè)為核心的實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)(jīng)進(jìn)(jìn)入由大到強(qiáng)的發(fā)(fā)展階段,面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國(guó)際環(huán)(huán)境,需要加快提升產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)基礎(chǔ)高級(jí)化和產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)鏈現(xiàn)代化水平,推進(jìn)(jìn)綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型,實(shí)(shí)現(xiàn)質(zhì)(zhì)量變革、效率變革、動(dòng)(dòng)力變革。數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)具有強(qiáng)大的賦能力量,數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)的深度融合成為重組實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)要素資源、重塑實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、提升實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)(guān)鍵力量?!笆奈濉睍r(shí)(shí)期,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把握數(shù)字化發(fā)(fā)展新機(jī)遇,以數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合為主線(xiàn),拓展實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展新空間。
一方面,要加快推動(dòng)(dòng)數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)化,實(shí)(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)容?;贗麣v史,歷次工業(yè)(yè)革命不僅孵化出新技術(shù)(shù),更催生了新產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)的發(fā)(fā)展。比如,第一次工業(yè)(yè)革命促進(jìn)(jìn)了紡織、機(jī)械等產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)高速發(fā)(fā)展,第二次工業(yè)(yè)革命推動(dòng)(dòng)電力、鋼鐵、化工、汽車(chē)等產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)迅猛發(fā)(fā)展。當(dāng)前正在突飛猛進(jìn)(jìn)的新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)變革的顯著(zhù)特征是以大數(shù)據(jù)、物聯(lián)(lián)網(wǎng)(wǎng)、人工智能、區(qū)塊鏈等為代表的數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)領(lǐng)(lǐng)域顛覆性創(chuàng)(chuàng )新不斷涌現(xiàn)。數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)的成熟和廣泛應(yīng)用,不但迭代產(chǎn)(chǎn)生以數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)為核心的新產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)、新業(yè)(yè)態(tài)(tài)、新模式,推動(dòng)(dòng)數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)??燜贁U(kuò)張,而且通過(guò)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)之間的關(guān)(guān)聯(lián)(lián)作用,促使實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)(lǐng)域不斷產(chǎn)(chǎn)生新產(chǎn)(chǎn)品和新服務(wù)(wù),形成新的細(xì)分產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)。要以壯大數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)為依托,在新發(fā)(fā)展階段賦予實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)新內(nèi)涵,不斷擴(kuò)充和完善產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)鏈體系,加速產(chǎn)(chǎn)品和服務(wù)(wù)迭代,不斷滿(mǎn)足人民群眾對(duì)美好生活的需要。
另一方面,要加快推動(dòng)(dòng)數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)擴(kuò)散融合,實(shí)(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)提質(zhì)(zhì)。隨著(zhù)我國(guó)經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)向高質(zhì)(zhì)量發(fā)(fā)展階段,實(shí)(shí)體企業(yè)(yè)發(fā)(fā)展動(dòng)(dòng)力、場(chǎng)(chǎng)景與過(guò)去發(fā)(fā)生明顯變化,供給與需求的互動(dòng)(dòng)性更強(qiáng),實(shí)(shí)體企業(yè)(yè)依托數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)可以打破生產(chǎn)(chǎn)要素、供給需求的時(shí)(shí)空局限,通過(guò)應(yīng)用數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)進(jìn)(jìn)行互動(dòng)(dòng)式學(xué)(xué)習(xí)可以及時(shí)(shí)了解消費(fèi)者個(gè)(gè)性化、定制化和場(chǎng)(chǎng)景化需求,通過(guò)挖掘數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)提供的海量數(shù)據(jù)能夠促進(jìn)(jìn)企業(yè)(yè)提供更多具有差異化、多樣化創(chuàng)(chuàng )新的產(chǎn)(chǎn)品與服務(wù)(wù),從而再造生產(chǎn)(chǎn)流程,重塑產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)格局,提升實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)效率。要繼續(xù)發(fā)(fā)揮數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)新優(yōu)(yōu)勢(shì)積極改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè),使傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)在數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)賦能下實(shí)(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)(yōu)化升級(jí)、煥發(fā)(fā)新活力。也要看到,實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)(cháng)和升級(jí),也為數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展不斷創(chuàng)(chuàng )造新的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)(chǎng)景,提供持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)(cháng)的市場(chǎng)(chǎng)空間,成為數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)(fā)展的強(qiáng)大牽引力,從而形成數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)融合發(fā)(fā)展的雙贏(yíng)局面。
此外,還要加強(qiáng)新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),為數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合提供良好條件。高速泛在、天地一體、云網(wǎng)(wǎng)融合、智能敏捷、綠色低碳、安全可控的智能化綜合性數(shù)字信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施是構(gòu)建算力、算法、數(shù)據(jù)、應(yīng)用資源協(xié)(xié)同的全國(guó)一體化大數(shù)據(jù)中心體系的關(guān)(guān)鍵。以數(shù)字化場(chǎng)(chǎng)景應(yīng)用為依托,在智慧城市、電子商務(wù)(wù)、智慧旅游、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)(yè)、智慧醫(yī)療、智慧教育等重點(diǎn)(diǎn)領(lǐng)(lǐng)域和場(chǎng)(chǎng)景中加快新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè);以數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)賦能為抓手,在工業(yè)(yè)制造、農(nóng)業(yè)(yè)生產(chǎn)(chǎn)、公共服務(wù)(wù)、應(yīng)急管理等領(lǐng)(lǐng)域?qū)?shí)施新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施植入和升級(jí)工程,發(fā)(fā)揮數(shù)字“新引擎”作用;以數(shù)字產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)發(fā)(fā)展為機(jī)遇,不斷創(chuàng)(chuàng )造新供給、激發(fā)(fā)新需求,在中高端產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)供給和個(gè)(gè)性化、定制化新消費(fèi)領(lǐng)(lǐng)域培育新動(dòng)(dòng)能、形成新增長(zhǎng)(cháng)點(diǎn)(diǎn),為高質(zhì)(zhì)量發(fā)(fā)展夯實(shí)(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
總之,蓬勃發(fā)(fā)展的數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)賦予實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)新的內(nèi)涵,不僅讓實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)在生產(chǎn)(chǎn)、流通、消費(fèi)、分配等方面完成數(shù)字化,加速傳統(tǒng)實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),提升全要素生產(chǎn)(chǎn)率,而且數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)本身也催生出更多新產(chǎn)(chǎn)業(yè)(yè)、新業(yè)(yè)態(tài)(tài)和新模式,使得實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)(shí)現(xiàn)改造與擴(kuò)容相統(tǒng)一。未來(lái)(lái),推動(dòng)(dòng)數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)做深做實(shí)(shí),持續(xù)促進(jìn)(jìn)數(shù)字技術(shù)(shù)與實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)融合的不斷深化,加快形成數(shù)字經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)(shí)體經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)新競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)(yōu)勢(shì),將有利于極大地解放和發(fā)(fā)展社會(huì)(huì )生產(chǎn)(chǎn)力,優(yōu)(yōu)化生產(chǎn)(chǎn)、流通、消費(fèi)、分配方式,對(duì)建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)體系產(chǎn)(chǎn)生重大而深遠(yuǎn)的推動(dòng)(dòng)作用。
?。ū疚膩?lái)源:經(jīng)(jīng)濟(jì)日?qǐng)?bào) 作者系中國(guó)社會(huì)(huì )科學(xué)(xué)院習(xí)近平新時(shí)(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)(huì )主義思想研究中心研究員楊小科)
(責(zé)任編輯:王炬鵬)